[img width=300 align=right]http://www.rfgeneration.com/images/hardware/U-058/bf/U-058-H-00011-A.jpg[/img]In the early 1990's, the rage in video game hardware development was all about being an all-in-one device.  The following lists the prominent companies that took a swing at providing the buying public with the 'one' product that would satisfy allmost of their multimedia needs:

o 1991 - Philips CD-i (games/music/edutainment/movies)
o 1991 - Commodore CDTV (games/music/edutainment/movies)
o 1993 - Panasonic 3DO (games/music/edutainment)
o 1993 - Pioneer LaserActive (games/music/edutainment/movies)

As you can see, the above lists some pretty big hitters in the electronics industry.  In 1992, Memorex, owned at the time by Tandy Corporation (owner of RadioShack stores), released yet another 'wonder' machine into the fray with the release of the VIS (Visual Information System).  This obscure system left a very small imprint on the sands of video console history due to a few reasons.

[img width=300 align=left]http://www.rfgeneration.com/images/hardware/U-058/bb/U-058-H-00011-A.jpg[/img]The VIS was essentially a stripped down Windows PC in a VCR style casing.  A 16-bit Intel 80286 processor running at 12.5 MHz powered the system that produced games in 16.7M colors at a resolution of 640 x 480.  A customized version of Windows 3.1 is the backbone of the system and audiovideo performance.  At the time, this was quite antiquated in terms of overall technical horsepower.  The chassis itself does not even merit further dialog, as the picture of this system obviously displays.  Wireless controllers were a nice touch and did differentiate it from its competitors, but the button alignment and offerings mirrors the chassis - nothing to write home about.  The media choice was sound as all VIS titles were released on CD-ROM (Audio CD was also supported).  So what about those titles?

Almost ALL VIS titles can be categorized into the edutainment genre - with about 50% of those targeted directly to children in the age range 8-15.  Compton's Encyclopedia was included with the initial purchase of the VIS, but no true games were.  There were a great deal of rumors out there of PC ports for this system that never went into production (King's Quest V, Space Quest IV, et al).  The only true game that I can attest to being in existence, apart from the educational point-and-click safaris, is a release from Access Software called Links: The Challenge of Golf.  Some of you may remember this popular 386 PC classic (which the Links franchise and company was later bought out by Microsoft).  The graphics for the VIS are slightly less than their 386 counterpart, though navigation is a bit easier.  All told around 70 titles or so were released for this system.

[img width=300 align=right]http://www.videogameconsolelibrary.com/images/1990s/92_Memorex_VIS/93_Memorex_VIS_Games.jpg[/img]Two versions of the VIS were released.  The Tandy version retailed for $699 and was only sold in RadioShack retail outlets (actually hit store shelves in December 1992).  The Memorex model was released in 1993 as an exclusive catalogue-direct sale from the parent company, but retailed for $399 (no changes at all to the hardware or included software).  The re-branding of the VIS to the more popular Memorex label and lowering the price did nothing to save this console from its demise.  To be honest, this system could have retailed for $39.95 and would still have been a bad value for the consumer - this console is truly that bad.  Tandy's foray into the video game console market was extremely short-lived and ended up being an extremely costly venture for them.  They do not even acknowledge the existence of the VIS in their company's historical timeline.

The Memorex VIS is only recommended for the true console collector - not at all for the gamer of any level.  The system is rather hard to come by.  Approximately 11,000 units were actually sold (total for both models).  Expect to pay about $150 USD for a bare console, $225 USD or so for a CIB unit.  This estimate is entirely dependant upon the source you are buying from.  Since the VIS is sometimes mistaken for being a standard CD player, you might be able to grab it for $20 from someone who doesn't know what they truly have.  If you are a collector - get one from a trusted peer.

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[img width=300 align=right]http://www.rfgeneration.com/images/hardware/U-073/bf/U-073-H-00031-A.jpg[/img]In late 1994, Richard Miller, the former VP of Technology at Atari from 1989 through 1994, created a company called VM Labs.  Having gained extensive experience in hardware development (his team created the Atari Jaguar), Mr. Miller focused his company's energies on creating a new technology to renovate the passive experience delivered by DVD players and digital satellite receivers.  In 2000 their efforts resulted in the release of the NUON, a powerful 128-bit processor that was to be embedded within these types of digital video products.  This technology produced excellent results in processing complex 3D graphics and digital video that enabled the delivery of interactive content, enhanced DVD playback (smooth scanning and zoom features) and, the point of writing this review, video games. 

NUON technology was released in a handful of DVD players (the first being the Toshiba SD-2300, pictured in this review).  All DVD NUON equipped players resemble their standard counterparts - there is nothing notable to describe with the exception of a small NUON logo displayed on the front of the unit.  The remote was used to drive gameplay, but a few third party controllers were released.  The general purpose was not unlike previous attempts at being an all-in-one multimedia playing machine (Memorex VIS, Philips CD-i, Pioneer LaserActive, et al). VM Labs also followed suit by planning to license the technology to various manufacturers (like the 3DO Company did in 1993).  The reason that NUON technology was only released in select DVD players and not as a stand alone video game console was based on pure statistics.  At the time, only 30% of the general public had embraced video game technology in their homes while the DVD player market was booming and was projected to have 100% penetration within 5-10 years.  This was sound business planning, except for one key fact that they failed to give proper attention to - the release of a video game console that also played DVDs - the Sony Playstation 2.

[img width=300 align=left]http://www.rfgeneration.com/images/hardware/U-073/bb/U-073-H-00031-A.jpg[/img]Enthusiasts within the respective DVD and video game market are not necessarily mutually exclusive, but it is safe to say that there are many more video game devotees that also are DVD fans than vice versa (especially in 2000).  The decision to market a DVD player that could play games was incorrect - the DVD aficionado did not necessarily play video games nor cared about them.  Sure, the smooth scrolling zoom and scan features that a NUON DVD player offered were cool, but would the public pay the extra $100 or so for these features?  The answer to this question is rather obvious, but first let's take a look at the NUON in more detail.

The NUON chip (which was previously known as Merlin and then Project X) was truly a powerful piece of hardware at the time.  The technology is based on the Aries 3 chip.  The following is an excellent description of the capabilities and functions:

"The heart of NUON was the Aries 3 chip. The Aries 3 was based on a unique 128-bit, four-way-parallel very long instruction word processor architecture. In addition to the video and audio decoding and trick-play functions, the chip performs all system-management and CPU functions. More specifically, Aries 3 featured MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 program stream and video decode; MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Layers 1 and 2 audio decode; 5.1-channel Dolby Digital audio decode; extended DVD trick modes; 32-voice wave table synthesizer; MP3 decode; an integrated Content Scrambling System descrambling module; video scaling, and 3-D video gaming. A hardware block placed on-chip to assist MPEG video decoding was designed to free up the bulk of the VLIW device's programmable processing power: 3,024 MIPS at peak and 864 MIPS typical."� - referenced from the Dark Watcher's site.

[img width=300 align=right]http://www.videogamecollectors.com/albums/Marriott_Guy_Games/Picture_125_Medium.sized.jpg[/img]This processing power described above produced games graphically equivalent to early Playstation 2 games.  A total of eight games were released for the system, the most notable being Iron Soldier 3 and Tempest 3000 (developed by Jeff Minter, renowned classic home computer and Atari programmer).  Though the developers varied on these releases, the majority waited to see if NUON could grab a significant hold of the DVD player market share prior to investing into this technology.  In the end, it did not and third party support (both from the hardware and software fields) quickly dissipated, adding to one of the final nails in the coffin.

The NUON essential failed due to incorrectly identifying the needs of the ever increasing DVD player buying market.  DVD enthusiasts were just that - not necessarily video game driven buyers.  VLM Labs went bankrupt in 2001 and sold off the NUON technology to Genesis Microchip, which in turn retired further development of the NUON in July, 2002. 

NUON-enabled systems can be acquired easily from eBay and other like sources.  A loose system is cheap - right around $20-$40 or so (USD).  There is not necessarily a highly desirable unit, though the Toshiba SD-2300 and Samsung Extiva N-2000 are the first systems released.  For a hardware CIB unit, expect to pay $75-$100 (USD).  Some of the games for the system are hard to come by and will run you a few bucks - most notably the Next Tetris (only included in the Toshiba system) and Tempest 3000 (the best game).  These will run you around $70 or so - the more common games around $20-$30.  This is a recommended purchase for the hardware collector (video game or DVD), but not necessarily for the general gamer.

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